Foundation Radio Safety Notes

There are several reasons why safety is a key issue for Amateurs. We use electrical and electronic equipment, and hot soldering irons. We erect and maintain antennas, and we often use large batteries.

The short notes below will be useful in minimising the risks when setting up and operating your Radio Shack, and when working on projects and repairs.

Electrical Safety

High voltages are dangerous. They can cause electric shock, which can lead to injury, or death by electrocution.

High currents, even at extra-low voltage, can cause burns and heat that may lead to fire.

Electrical equipment must be approved, and have a suitable SAFETY APPROVAL LABEL.

Always check any specific requirements of your local Electricity Authority or Supplier.

Most electrical equipment requires an Earth connection because:

• the fuse or circuit breaker will trip if there is a short circuit between the Active wire and the chassis of the eqipment.
• it will reduce the risk of electric shock.

Fuses and Circuit Breakers:

• are protection devices, protecting against overcurrent and short circuit.
• should only be replaces by devices of the same type and current rating.
• should meet the specifications dictated by the equipment manufacturer.

Station Layout and Operation

When setting up, or modifying your Station, be aware of the following:

• Minimise physical safety risks such as trailing cables, and other trip hazards.
• Frayed, or otherwise damaged, extension leads and power leads must be repaired or replaced immediately.
• Repair of extension leads and other power leads should only be done by a competent person (suitably qualified).
• Know the location of the mains Isolation Switch, and make sure it is accessible (not requiring reaching over equipment etc.)

In the event of an electrical accident, the first thing to do is switch off the supply, without risking your own life.

Next, call Emergency Services and, if necessary, administer CPR.

Identifying Additional Risks

The electrolytes in Batteries are strong Acids or Alkalis. Spillages or exploding batteries can cause serious chemical burns. Wear eye protection. Hydrogen gas can be produced by a battery when it is being charged. Ensure adequate ventilation and avoid exposing it to nearby flames or sparks.

Ensure that people, and animals, are kept a safe distance from antennas. The RF voltages on an antenna element can reach thousands of volts. Voltages at Radio Frequencies can cause severe burns on contact. Also, RF radiation can be dangerous. A "safe" distance may mean several metres. Higher frequencies or higher power, mean increased risk. The antenna type and orientation are also factors.

Erecting an antenna should only be done by suitably qualified persons. Be aware of, and avoid, overhead powerlines. Use safe ladder practices, and use suitable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Antenna fittings and supports should always be suitably rated and securely fixed.

It is good practice to install lightning protection on antennas, and possibly in feedlines. Nothing can eliminate damage from a direct lightning strike, but your equipment may be saved from otherwise hazardous potentials developed due to a "near miss". Prior to a thunderstorm, disconnect your antennas and possibly, Earth the feedline. Do not attempt this DURING the thunderstorm.

Recall that excessive volume when wearing headphones can damage your hearing. "I SAID, TURN THE VOLUME DOWN!"

Displaying Safety Information

The following is not examinable, but it is a good idea to display safety information in your shack.

1. Telephone numbers for emergency services.
2. Telephone numbers for a family member or neighbour.
3. The location of your First Aid Kit.
4. The location of your EMERGENCY STOP, or Isolation Switch.